The following is a brief overview that links the low back condition with its corresponding assessment procedure and its corresponding treatment.
What are the causes of a pathologic intervertebral disc?
One cause of a pathologic disc (e.g., bulge, herniation) is excessive flexion postures, which drive the nucleus posteriorly against the taut annular fibers.
Assessment and Treatment of Specific Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Neck
This blog post introduces and explains how the manual therapist can perform assessment and treatment for specific musculoskeletal conditions of the neck.
What is a pathologic intervertebral disc?
This article addresses the causes of the three different types of pathologic disc conditions: degenerated disc, bulging disc, and herniated disc.




