The authors concluded that little evidence was found supporting the hypothesis that extension McKenzie exercises affect disc fluid content.
Joints of the Lumbar Spine (disc & facet) and Pelvis
In the lumbar spine, three joints are located between each two adjacent vertebrae: one disc joint and two paired (left and right) facet joints.
Pathologic Disc Conditions of the Neck
The danger with a disc bulge or herniation is that the disc can compress the spinal nerve within the intervertebral foramen, causing a pinched nerve.
Ligaments of the Cervical Spine
The “action” of a ligament is similar to that of an antagonist muscle. If either is tight/taut, it restricts motion in the opposite direction.
Cervical Spinal Joints
The disc joint is a cartilaginous joint that is composed of outer fibers called the annulus fibrosus that encircle the inner nucleus pulposus.
